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IRQS
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1994-01-03
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53 lines
12-16-93
COMports addresses & IRQs
Don Hinds
The terms serial port and COMport for all purposes, mean the same
thing. A serial port is a COMport built into a computer, onto which you
plug an external device. A modem can be plugged into a serial port
(external modem) and that external modem will have the address/COMport of
the card into which it is plugged. An External modem has no way to change
it's address other than plugging it into another COMport. An internal modem
'makes' a COMport of it's own when you plug the modem card into the
computer internal bus. The COMport for which the internal modem is set
depends on jumpers on the modem.
2 devices on a computer CANNOT use the same address. 2 devices on a
computer 'may' use the same IRQ as long as one does not have a device
driver present. A mouse on COM-1 using IRQ-4 is one example, so COM-3 which
also uses IRQ-4 cannot be used for anything because the driver for the
mouse on COM 1 is loaded. COMports/serial ports 1, 2, 3 & 4 each have a
unique address, but normally share only TWO IRQs between them.
Think of COMports as single family houses. That means one house has
one address. If there were 2 houses (COMports/serial ports) with the same
address on the same street (computer bus), then the mail (command) would go
to the wrong house (port). So each COMport/serial port must have a unique
address.
Now an IRQ is something like a telephone party-line. You can have 2
parties (devices) on one phone line (IRQ). The party (device) who picks up
the phone can call out. The party (device) who is 'home' (a device like an
answering machine or modem waiting for a call) will answer if it rings.
However if one party (device like a mouse, scanner or network board) has
the phone off the hook (a device driver loaded), the other party (device
modem) cannot use the telephone (IRQ) even if it is another house
(COMport).
So if you want to use a COMport which normally uses the same IRQ as
one on which you have a device driver, you must change the IRQ for that
port. In your modem manual it shows how jumpers may be set to give
additional IRQ of 2 or 5. This means you could have 4 unique addresses 1,
2, 3, & 4, and each could have a unique IRQ 4, 3, 5, or 2. Some VIDEO cards
use the address of COM4 leaving COM3 for use. 386/486 computers use IRQ2 to
access extended IRQs (above 7, sort of like call-forwarding). So you
usually are left with one alternate IRQ5 to use with your modem on those
computers. Most Serial ports also have jumpers to change address/IRQs. And
other devices (scanners ect) usually will allow IRQs like 6,7,8 (I am using
IRQ 7 w/hand scanner).
Don Hinds - Zoom Tech
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